A battery power storage system, as the name suggests, is a system that converts other forms of energy such as mechanical energy, chemical energy, and electromagnetic energy into electrical energy for storage. The stored electrical energy in the power system has distinct advantages of being storable and releasable, adjustable, and controllable.
Facing a continuously increasing population and limited social resources, the development of the power grid also encounters severe challenges. Emerging new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power have inherent advantages of being inexhaustible but also suffer from the drawback of uncontrollable variability. With the increasing calls for smart grid construction, building a safe, reliable, economic, efficient, clean, environmentally friendly, open, and interactive power supply system has become one of the pressing issues. The emergence of power storage systems happens to bring answers to the above problems.
In the generation phase, for renewable energy systems with curtailment issues such as wind and solar power, the power storage system is undoubtedly a blessing, storing the discarded energy for use when needed—akin to receiving rain after a long drought.
Throughout the transmission, distribution, and utilization process of the entire power system, power storage systems can play important roles in peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup power. It provides a robust guarantee for building an information-based, automated, and interactive smart grid.
The technical realization methods of electrical energy storage are also varied, mainly divided into physical energy storage, electromagnetic energy storage, and electrochemical energy storage. The most commonly encountered in company is electrochemical energy storage. Among them, lead-acid batteries are currently one of the more mature and commercially operated storage technologies, whereas lithium-ion battery storage is in the initial stages of industrialization or demonstration phase. Notably, lithium-ion batteries have advantages in efficiency and lifespan over lead-acid batteries.
The key components of an power storage system are mainly divided into four parts: the energy storage carrier battery, battery management system (BMS), energy storage converter (PCS), and the energy management system (EMS).
The battery management system (BMS) primarily functions to monitor and protect the individual battery cells, with the main goal of improving battery utilization and preventing overcharging and over-discharging. It can be used in electric vehicles, electric scooters, robots, drones, etc.
The energy storage converter (PCS) acts as the interface between the grid and the energy storage device and is an important part of the power storage system. It can be applied in both grid-connected and islanded operation modes of the power storage system, and can switch between these states.
The energy management system (EMS) is the general term for modern power grid dispatching automation systems (including hardware and software). Its main functions consist of basic functions and application functions. Basic functions include computer, operating system, and EMS supporting systems.
The power storage system functions include data acquisition and monitoring (SCADA), automatic generation control (AGC) and planning, network application analysis.
The current mainstream research directions for energy storage development are the development of energy storage converters, the design of energy storage monitoring and protection systems (control strategies, functionality, system framework), and the design and application research of battery storage.
Hiconics is a prefessional power storage system supplier, dedicated in researching power storage system with advanced technology. Hiconics actively offers an comprehensive power storage solution, listening to every customer's needs.
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